Ecobiological projects
Using the concept of ecobiology was motivated by the wish to create spaces, capable of receiving at the higher level any kind of scientific and cultural meetings - from round-table discussions and conferences to meetings at the highest level (e.g., 35-minute meeting of mayors of the central part of the state of Rio Grande do Sul in Recanto-Maestro in 2006), concerts (such as the London Symphony Orchestra concert in Lizori) as well as various international conferences and conventions (such as US-Europe-USSR Summit in Lizori in 1987). But later, as the practice has shown, the further development of such projects has led to the emergence of new settlements (as happened in Recanto-Maestro and Lizori), where companies, offices, workshops, farms, manufacturing, restaurants, and many more began to appear, something which is an inevitable part of any modern city.
Projects creation was not the desire to replace the existing concepts of urban development, but at the same time to return to the starting point, which was expressed by architects of the Renaissance, where the architecture had to be proportionate to a Man. On this basis, the concept of ecobiology is an advanced city planning procedure that determines a qualitatively higher level of human life.
The history of the concept of urban ecobiology
The basic concept of ecobiological approach goes back to the 60-s of the XX century and belongs to the American architects, who decided to change the principle of "stone bag" to the idea of architectural structures in accordance with the logic of nature. Then a few American artists in search of an alternative to "commercial art" that captured the world, retired to the vast desert spaces of the American West, where they found a "pristine, peaceful, space, spirit, which artists have always sought to fill their work with"1.
Ecobiology is from the word "eco" - house, environment, "bio" - life, "ology" - the study, ie logic of life in clean environment.
Supersaturated buildings of megacities, poor environment, the endless bustle and stress provoke a natural human desire for solitude with oneself in the fresh air, to draw new strength and inspiration from nature. In the analysis of the logic of urban development, on the basis of which the cities were built on average in the last 150 years, you can make an objective conclusion that the construction took place, not on the basis of the criterion of Man, but the criterion of the company. Thus, the main aspect determining the function of the city is still the convenience to maintain a local industry, as well as the convenience of commercial links between people and organizations and their management.
The concept of ecobiology allows us to talk about holistic review of the principles of urban planning and management. Without rejecting the existing practical tools it enables us to open new simple opportunities, based on the logic of nature and the human psyche. In other words, the desire for originality, functionality and most importantly economical and environmentally friendliness should not usurp the aesthetic content of the form.
Environmental education or ecobiological impact on the efficiency of educational activity and employment
Having spent 20 years on the reconstruction of the fortress of the XII century in Lizori (Italy), and 10 years on the project of the School-College in Lidori, ontopsychological school identified the fact thatactive human presence in nature helps not only to get out of the stress and depression but also leads to higher levels of creativity, joy of life and makes intellectual career more time-efficient at a lower cost.
These aspects are also proven by the fact that in 2011 the largest company in the IT-sector in Latin America began construction of the head office and office of IT development in one of these projects - the modern city for life - Recanto Maestro. During 2010 and the first half of 2011 the company's management at the University "Faculty of Management and Administration in the name of Antonio Meneghetti " (also located in Recanto Maestro) conducted an experimental study, the results of which showed that a programmer working for a year in Recanto Maestro demonstrated greater effectiveness and efficiency in contrast to their counterparts in Sao Paulo, Porto Alegre and other branches of the company in metropolitan areas of Brazil, and according to the surveys the employees working in this period in Recanto Maestro in the polls also showed more satisfaction with their work and the quality of their new life.
If we take into account the opportunities provided to us today by the modern technological world, it becomes clear that it is possible to live, work and create economic wealth outside the "city-office."
It is a holistic ecobiology, i.e. the holistic nature of human existence in the ability to maintain and improve the environment. Planting trees, cleaning rivers, taking care of territory - all contribute to improving the health and quality of social life, and the preservation of nature.
Economic and cultural development of remote regions
And the most important aspect is the contribution these projects make to economic and cultural development of remote regions. It would not be entirely accurate to say that this goal was conscious at an early stage of realization of such projects Lizori in Italy or Reсant Maestro in Brazil. But over time the fact of economic and cultural growth has been observed both by residents of nearby communities, and state self-governing authorities, and international NGOs
Ecobiological projects that exist in different parts of the world - are primarily all about intellectual tourism, and are very common in Europe - Farm Holidays, which promote natural growth of the prosperity and commercial activity in remote areas due to the need to create and maintain the infrastructure. One of the prerequisites is to revive and use the cultural traditions that exist in the area. Another example is the natural favoring the development of agriculture and animal husbandry.
Ecobiological projects abroad
To date there are four successfully operating ecobiological centresin in the EU and in Brazil:
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International Center of Culture and Art "Lizori" |
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International Center of humanistic art and culture "Recanto Maestro" |
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International Centre «FOIL Marudo» |
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International ecobiological center "Lizari" Riga, Latvia www.lizari.org |
Ecobiological projects in Russia and the CIS
To date there are three successfully operating ecobiological centres in the Russian Federation and the CIS:
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International scientific-humanistic center "Bernia" |
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International center of business, management and psychology "Niotan" |
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International ecobiological center "Vitolga" |